Is Sarin Cause of Gulf War Syndrome?

Sarin – ‘Gulf War Syndrome cause’

Some 6,000 Gulf veterans have suffered from various complaints.

Gulf war syndrome may have been caused by exposure to the nerve gas sarin, according to reports.

The New Scientist journal has reported a leak of a US inquiry into the ill-health of veterans of the 1991 war. The US Department of Veterans Affairs’ Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses is due to publish its findings next week.

But the magazine said researchers have found neural damage consistent with the nerve agent used by Saddam Hussein…

The link is said to have been “crucial” to a change of heart by the US authorities over Gulf war syndrome. The New York Times newspaper reported last month that US scientists believed the syndrome did exist and was caused by “toxic exposure” but it was not clear whether this was from drugs or nerve agents.

The UK government has always insisted a unique Gulf war syndrome does not exist.

Symptoms

But campaigners say 6,000 British war veterans are suffering from the syndrome, with symptoms ranging from mood swings, memory loss, lack of concentration, night sweats, general fatigue and sexual problems since the war.

According to the New Scientist report “a substantial proportion of Gulf war veterans are ill with multi-system conditions not explained by wartime stress or psychiatric illness.” Instead, the magazine reported the ill-health could have been caused by low level exposure to sarin.

Three research groups had independently found specific kinds of neural damage that could explain some of the veterans’ symptoms.   UK troops were exposed to sarin and this, along with the multiple vaccinations troops were given and exposure to depleted uranium, has caused the illnesses

These veterans also had lower levels of an enzyme which breaks down sarin-like compounds. British and US authorities have always denied that any troops were affected by nerve gas, as no soldiers showed the classic symptoms of acute exposure.

But the New Scientist said: “It now appears that very small, repeated exposure can also harm.” Experiments on animals have shown that exposure to doses of sarin too low to cause observable or immediate effects causes delayed, long-term nerve and brain damage similar to that seen in veterans, the magazine reported.

Alarms

Troops could have had low-level exposure to chemical weapons throughout the war. A Senate investigation heard in 1994 that each of the 14,000 chemical weapons alarms around the troops went off on average twice or three times a day during the allied aerial bombardment of Iraq – a total of between one and two million alarms. All were said to have been false alarms.

However, evidence was mounting that soldiers may in fact have been exposed to sarin, the New Scientist said.

Another source of exposure could have been for the thousands of troops stationed near Khamisiyah in southern Iraq in March 1991. After the fighting was over, a large chemical weapons dump was blown up, creating a plume of gas, which would have contained sarin and which could have affected at least 100,000 allied soldiers, possibly far more, the New Scientist said.

Shaun Rusling, vice chairman of the National Gulf Veterans and Families Association, said: “I agree with the findings, it is what we expected. It is absolutely ridiculous for the MoD to deny Gulf war syndrome does not exist. UK troops were exposed to sarin and this, along with the multiple vaccinations troops were given and exposure to depleted uranium, has caused the illnesses.”

The Ministry of Defence said it would not comment on leaks. The department is holding a briefing on Thursday on the medical lessons learned from the first Gulf war.

About Sarin

Sarin is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, human-made chemical warfare agent. It was originally developed in Germany in the 1930’s as a pesticide. Sarin is a nerve agent-it disrupts the functioning of the nervous system. Nerve agents are the most toxic and rapidly acting of all known chemical warfare agents. Sarin is highly toxic in both its liquid and vapor states.

Delivery: Following the release of sarin into the air, people can be exposed to it through contact with skin or eyes. Sarin can also be inhaled as a gas. Sarin mixes easily with water, and since it is odorless, people would not be aware of sarin in drinking water. Furthermore, sarin in water can be absorbed through the skin.

Production: Sarin is made by mixing several commercially available chemicals in the right amounts and in the right sequence. It is debatable how easy it is for the layperson to synthesize sarin. It is somewhat complicated and dangerous to produce.

Historic Use: Iraq used sarin in the 1980-1988 war with Iran. The Japanese religious sect, Aum Shinriko, released sarin in Matsumoto in 1994 and the Tokyo subway in 1995. In May 2004, the presence of sarin was detected in the debris of a bomb that exploded in Iraq.

Mechanism: Sarin disrupts the ability of the body to regulate nerve impulses. When this happens, the glands and muscles of the body are continually stimulated, leading to system fatigue. The victim will lose control over his bodily functions. Ultimately, the victim will fall into a coma and suffocate.

Effects: The first signs of sarin exposure are a runny nose, tightness in the chest, pinpoint pupils, eye pain, and blurred vision. The victim will then experience drooling, excessive, sweating, coughing, chest pain, diarrhea, increased urination, confusion, drowsiness, weakness, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Exposure to large doses of sarin will result in loss of consciousness, involuntary twitching and jerking, paralysis, coma, and eventually, death.

Treatment: There are antidotes to sarin, but they must be provided very soon after exposure to be effective. Clothing can retain sarin, so it must be removed. The victim should move quickly to fresh air. As quickly as possible after exposure, the victim should wash thoroughly with soap and water.

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